Seagrams Essay - 861 Words

Edgar Bronfman’s value system is in jeopardy of not being sustained due to his failure to fully transition from charismatic to instrumental leadership as evidenced by the employee questions following the values program training. Analysis Seagram’s is currently undergoing strategic, anticipatory changes in the company’s value system to competitively reposition the company to take advantage of future growth opportunities, diversify the company globally, effectively manage business processes, and increase profits. Bronfman has successfully guided the development and introduction of this new value system. However, Seagram’s is lacking the instrumental leadership necessary for this reorientation to be successful. Specifically, the†¦show more content†¦Additionally, employees have voiced concern about sustaining momentum and attention on values after the training program. However, there is no process in place that enables employees to keep the focus on values through meetings, additional training or a communication network. Without this mechanism, the momentum created at training programs will slow and the sustainability of the value system will be put at risk. In addition, Bronfman has not created a controlling and rewarding system to measure the results and reward or punish the behavior of individuals. Employees are concerned that those who are â€Å"living† the values will not be recognized and rewarded. They are also concerned about how to deal with values â€Å"violators†. It is difficult to create buy-in to the values if compliance cannot be determined. Further, without an incentive to adhere, individuals will most likely be indifferent to the values. Clearly, you get what you reward and if Bronfman wants people to live the values, then he must find a way to measure and reward that behavior. Recommendation 1 2 – Structuring Processes to Sustain Seagram’s New Values The lack of structuring processes has led to questions on how new recommendations concerning the values will be handled and how the current momentum of the program can be sustained. To create this process, we recommend that Bronfman continue to leverage its existing managerial structure by creating a â€Å"bottoms-up† feedbackShow MoreRelatedLeading Culture Change at Seagram1211 Words   |  5 PagesNUS Business School, semester 2 2012/2013 Change Management Leading Culture Change at Seagram Why did Seagram need to Change? Why did it use a values based approach? In the mid-nineties, Seagram’s core market, the spirits and wine business, had stalled. At the same time its CEO, Edgar Bronfman Jr. (Bronfman) sold their 25% stake in the chemical giant DuPont. This was the payment from when Seagram’s in 1982 sold the oil company Conoco to DuPont. This stake in DuPont, by 1995, representedRead More The Seagram Building Essay examples1380 Words   |  6 Pages The Seagram Building is prime example of the international style of design in the 20th century. The building is a true landmark of the city having an open plaza at the base of the building with high ceilings, floor to ceiling tinted windows and bronze mullions. Its imperious design, set in a plaza with fountain, was imitated many times and became an icon of North American corporate design. Mies is known as the father of the steel and glass structure. Mies designed many buildings during his lifeRead MoreCase Analysis: Leading Culture Change at Seagram Essay2073 Words   |  9 PagesJoseph E. Seagram Sons, Inc., a major alcohol distilling company of its time encountered new business challenges in the 1990s; increased government regulation and taxation on liquor, the 90’s recession, decline in sales, criticism of spirits marketing, and an eroding core market as the business plateaued. The President and CEO of Seagram Company, Edgar Bronfman Jr., recognized the crisis at hand and embarked upon a new vision to reposition and redefine the company’s competitive advantage based onRead MoreConsulting Proposal 11217 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Consulting Proposal #1 I. Definition of Project: As more companies enter the marketplace, the need to attract and retain customers will not only increase but also be necessary for survival. The Seagram Company has undergone numerous changes to maintain market share. Again, the company in the midst of major change and is in need of a current diagnosis of the situation and recommendations on how to advance these ambitious goals. The project needed to implement the change is necessary as today’sRead MoreA Study on the Seagram Building1140 Words   |  5 PagesThe Seagram Building Overview Built in the early part of the second half of the twentieth century, the Seagram Building is located in the borough of Manhattan in the City of New York, at 375 Park Avenue, between 52nd and 53rd Streets. This parcel is denoted as block number 10307 and lot number 0001 (the building occupies the entire block) (NYC Office of the City Register, 2012). Currently a general-use office building with a variety of tenants, the building has a recent yet rich history, occupyingRead MoreMarketing Management At Seagram Beverage Company Essay1830 Words   |  8 PagesDefinition of Project: Seagram is a mature organization that is faced with a critical challenge of changing its culture. The comprehensive goal being proposed in concern to Seagram’s future is to convert, continue, and mature an external status, as the top beverage company with 15% growth each year (Jick Peiperl, 2011). To accomplish the vision as a shared goal, it must be successfully embraced by the 200 senior managers, as well as accepted by the entire company and the public population. TheRead MoreOrganizational Change : The Seagram s Company1137 Words   |  5 Pagescommitment to these goals Seagram’s Co. administration will be capable of promoting extensive characteristics for motivational skills. Learning to appreciate the practices of committing strategies and continuing to work towards a goal that will compel Seagram Co. to overcome obstacles that will invariably come their way. The desperation involved with any goal setting commitment will in turn reflect Seagram’s Co. over all strengths to succeed. This includes ethics, character, and a rigid perceptive on peerRead MoreCase Study : One Of Seagram s Management994 Words   |  4 Pagesprovides awareness of the extent to which organization members are willing to accept change; and second, a cultural assessment is likely to determine the root cause of the problems that impede stronger performance. (Graziadio Business Review,2013) Seagram had a history of diversification but outside of its core business. In the 1960’s it owned a major oil company. Seagram’s being a major player for over 70 years in the beverage industry had a very loyal customer following with their premier productsRead MoreThe Implementation Phase Of Changing Our Values At Seagram Essay1216 Words   |  5 PagesDefinition of Project: During the implementation phase of changing our values at Seagram, we have identified five challenges that need attention. In order to maintain progress with in the culture change and help generate a larger financial gain in the future, we must solve the challenges that we currently face. We have an understanding of how important changing the values of our organization since Moore (2014) explains: Companies are introducing and/or paying more attention to corporate values sinceRead MoreIs Seagram A Long History Of Success From The Company And Create A Secure Future?1676 Words   |  7 PagesDefinition of Project: Seagram has enjoyed a long history of success from its inception in 1924 with a single distillery in Canada to a world-wise company. During this timeframe, global recognition has afforded Seagram the opportunity to grow to 14,000 employees as well as creatively diversify in a manner than many companies could not imagine. Unique purchases of oil companies as well as what some might argue to be more logical partnerships like fruit juices such as Dole Food Company, Inc. created

Perceptions And Attitudes Of The Consumer Buying Process

Beliefs and attitudes A belief is a conviction that an individual has on something. Through the experience he acquires, his learning and his external influences (family, friends, etc†¦), he will develop beliefs that will influence his buying behavior. Customer possesses specific belief and attitude towards various products. Since such beliefs and attitudes make up brand image and affect consumer buying behavior therefore marketers are interested in them. Marketers can change the beliefs and attitudes of customers by launching special campaigns in this regard. To change the brand s marketing message or adjust its positioning in order to get consumers to change their brand perception. Stages of the Consumer Buying Process Six Stages to the Consumer Buying Decision Process (For complex decisions). Actual purchasing is only one stage of the process. Not all decision processes lead to a purchase. All consumer decisions do not always include all 6 stages, determined by the degree of complexity. The 6 stages are: 1. Problem Recognition (Awareness of need) difference between the desired state and the actual condition. Deficit in assortment of products. Hunger--Food. Hunger stimulates your need to eat. 2. Information search- 1. Internal search, memory. 2. External search if you need more information. Friends and relatives (word of mouth). Marketer dominated sources; comparison shopping; public sources etc. A successful information search leaves a buyer with possibleShow MoreRelatedWhat is Psychographics?885 Words   |  3 PagesWhat is Psychographics? Psychographics is a research focused on the psychological aspect of the buying behaviour and consumer lifestyle that includes their activities, interests and opinions. The psychological factors that affect their buying decisions include motivation, perception, learning, attitudes and belief hence in order for this method to be successful, marketers must first identify the needs and wants of customers because without proper understanding, marketers will not be able to produceRead MoreHow Branding Affects Consumer Purchasing Research Proposal Essay1682 Words   |  7 PagesProposal. How Does Branding Affect Consumers’ Purchasing Decisions? 1. Introduction Branding is an important element in business. Without a brand, customers have to explain to the sellers in detail about the products that they want, while sellers may be confused or give the wrong products to the customers. Therefore, it can be assumed that brand acts as a sign, name or symbol for the products and services. The main aim of the brand is to identify the products or services of a seller or groups ofRead MoreThe Theory Of F. Herzberg Engine1687 Words   |  7 Pagesservices. 2. Perception Customers form opinions about the restaurants through their five senses: sight, hearing, taste, touch and smell. However, each of them receives, organizes, and interprets these sensory stimuli in individual way. According to B. Berelson and Steiner G. perception can be defined as a process from which individuals select, organize, and interpret the information received to create a picture sense of the world†. Understanding perception and the factors determining how consumers perceiveRead MoreFactors Affecting Consumer Behavior Of Consumers1294 Words   |  6 Pagesaffecting the buying behavior of consumers in that market. According to Philip Kotler, there are many factors that influence the purchasing behavior of consumers, however, they were divided into 4 groups: Factors affecting consumer behavior A. The cultural elements 1. The culture: the first factor is that entrepreneurs need to consider when you want to penetrate a market is defined earlier as it is fundamental specific trait of an entire country and also is the decisive factor in the buying behaviorRead MoreConsumer Attitude : An Organization Of Motivational, Emotional, Perceptual And Cognitive Processes1519 Words   |  7 Pages Consumer Attitude An attitude may be defined as a feeling of favorableness or unfavorableness that an individual has towards an object (be it a person, thing or situation). A wider definition of attitude sees it as â€Å"an enduring organization of motivational, emotional, perceptual and cognitive processes with respect to some aspect of our environment† (Hawkins, Best and Coney, 2004). More specifically, â€Å"attitude refers to knowledge and positive or negative feelings about an object or activity† (PrideRead MoreMarketing Consumer Behaviour1068 Words   |  5 Pages0 Marketing and Consumer Behaviour – Dealing with Market Trends Consumer behavior is defined as the mental and emotional process along with the physical activities of the people who purchase/ consume goods and services to satisfy their particular needs and wants. One of the advantages of consumer behavior can be seen when looking at advertisers and how they advertise by keeping the consumers in mind. Advertisers spend a lot of money to keep individuals and groups of individuals (markets)Read MoreIams understands people who love pets827 Words   |  4 Pagespsychological influence is motivations. The motivation is the drive that leads the buyers towards buying a product or service. When buyers’ motivation is high enough, which means that their need is high, thus, they will actively seek to satisfy that need. This will result in the consumer deciding to buy the product. Iams need to successfully leverage the consumer’s needs which will in turn motivate consumers to buy their pet products. Example, Iams understand that many pet owners treat their pets as familyRead MoreProcess of Purchase1206 Words   |  5 Pages Consumer buying behavior is the decision process and acts of people involved in buying and using products. The final purchase decision is often a result of the interaction between the final decision maker and a range of influencer. 1 The process of purchasing decision passes through five different stages 1- Needs recognition 2- Information Search 3- Evaluation 4- Decision 5- Post purchase evaluation Consumer behavior and purchasing decision is a phenomenon affected by internal and external factorsRead MoreOnline Advertising As An Advertising Medium Essay1398 Words   |  6 Pagesbetween consumer buying decision and online advertising †¢ To analyse factors affecting consumer’s perception and attitude when purchasing online †¢ To analyse how online advertising impacts customer behaviours †¢ To study if demographic factors would be a differential factors affecting customer online purchasing behaviour †¢ To discover challenges faced by consumer when engaging in online purchasing 2.1 Research Questions I. What are the effective online advertising channel? II. What are consumer perceptionsRead MoreBuyer Behavior and Branding1814 Words   |  7 Pagescompetitive rewards to a firm which leads to be a magnet to the customers. Consumer behaviour identify how clients make purchase and leverage decisions and how they use and dispose of the purchase goods or services therefore we can realize the importance and grandness of consumer behaviour for a seller point of view and as a critical process during the decision making process. A marketer needs to discover who their consumers are and to be ready to be up to sell their products, generate revenue and

Renewable energy sources Free Essays

Traditionally, wood is the main form in which biomass is used as an energy source. The biomass is used to boil water to provide steam to turn turbines. In Great Britain most commercially produced wood is used for timber, but when a conifer plantation is felled, there are branches and low-grade timber that can be used for fuel. We will write a custom essay sample on Renewable energy sources or any similar topic only for you Order Now Straw left over from harvesting cereal crops can also be used to produce energy. When used for energy the cost of collecting, storage and transporting bulky problems is a problem. Most examples rely on a community-based collection used locally in a close plant or used on the farm that produced the straw and is widely used in Denmark and the USA. Stubble used to be burnt, but this was made illegal in the UK. Most stubble is used for bedding. When burnt straw leaves ash, which contains nutrients, which can quickly be extracted from the soil by the new crop. This method is still used in many developing countries. It is very rarely ploughed in as it takes along time to biodegrade and as it does so it creates anaerobic pockets in the soil. Wood can be exploited as a renewable resource if fast growing species are used. In the UK willow is used (popular was also used once). The plants are grown close together then once a sufficient root system is established they are coppiced. Then all new growths when of the correct length are harvested and chipped. Once the willow is dried and then used. This is often used on low quality land (marginal) or set aside, or areas where biological control is being encouraged. Biomass to Gasohol Fermentation of sugar by yeasts converts the energy in sugar biomass to ethanol, which can then be used as a fuel. Gasohol is made of 80-90% unleaded petrol and 10-20% ethanol and is used in cars (It can be used in pure form, but petrol is added to stop people drinking it). The sugar is obtained from sugar cane and sugar beet. This form has been relatively unsuccessful. Sugar cane is grown in tropical areas, where as sugar beat is grown in temperate countries. The sugary sap is extracted and then treated to make molasses, which is then stored until it is needed for fermenting. Ethanol is a much cleaner fuel and produces much less pollution, but it is much more expensive to produce. Especially as the farmers can also sell the crop to be made into refined sugar. This production is unlikely ever to work due to politics and the oil industry. In the end it can not be considered as a real alternative ,as 80-90% of it is made from a fossil fuel. Once the sugar is extracted the fibrous residue (bagasse) is dried and then burnt as a fuel to ferment the malasses. 1) Growing and cropping of sugar. 2) Extraction of sugars by crushing and washing cane. 3) Crystallization out of sucrose (for sale) leaving the syrup of glucose and fructose (molases) 4) Fermentation of molasses to yield dilute alcohol. 5) Distillation of dilute alcohol to give pure ethanol, using bagasse as a power source. A more promising is oilseed rape which has been used to power buses in certain areas of the UK as part of a trial and in Italy, it is added to diesel and can be added to make up 30% of the mixture (rpae methyl ester, RME). It produces fewer sooty particles and no sulphur dioxide. Also coconut oil in Philippines, palm and castor oil, Brazil and sunflower oil in South Africa. Domestic waste Disposal of domestic and industrial waste has become a large problem around the world. In the UK about 300kg of waste is produced per person per year. Dumping the waste causes many problems e.g. leakage of pollution and using up land. It might be possible to burn the fuel for energy (cellchip in the UK in London does this but people have to separate some of the waste first. However, all the houses that take part close to the plant reciev free hot water.) Some landfill sites have been constructed to collect the gas (methane) produced from the anaerobic conditions for use. Agricultural waste (Biogas) Biogas can convert the energy in biomass into biogas, a gaseous fuel that consists mainly of methane, by fermentation. Typically biogas is made of: 65% methane, 35% CO2, with tracea of ammonia, hydrogen sulphide and water vapour. usually dung (slurry) from farm animals is used in the fermentation process so that waste products are turned into something useful, as the leftover sludge can be used as a fertiliser. The digestion process occurs in 3 stages: 1) Aerobic bacteria convert lipids and carbohydrates in the biomass into sugars, fatty acids, amino acids and glycerol by hydrolysis (0-10 days, acids cause pH to fall). 2) Acetogenic bacteria convert sugars and other products of stage 1 into short-chain fatty acids e.g. acetic acid = acetogenesis (stages 2+3, 10-45 days acids used up, pH increases, methane produced.). 3) Anaerobic bacteria convert the fatty acids into methane = methogenesis. Conditions must be anaerobic as the bacteria are only active when there is no oxygen present. They are called obligate anaerobes. Temperatures must be kept between 30-40o because the bacteria are sensitive to temperature changes. The reactions take place in a digester. It must be i) Strong and large enough to hold large volumes of liquid and withstand pressure build up. ii) Gas-tight and allow aerobic conditions to be maintained. iii) Have an inlet for loading material, an outlet for the gas and a way of unloading the residue. iv) be buried in the ground to help withstand pressure and act as an insulator. Often several digesters are used together to maintain a continuous supply of gas. It provides a useful way of getting rid of animal waste. (eutrophication) How to cite Renewable energy sources, Papers

RUSSIAN NUCLEAR EXPERTS WROTE REPORT FOR U.S. Essay Example For Students

RUSSIAN NUCLEAR EXPERTS WROTE REPORT FOR U.S. Essay Less than a year after the collapse of the Soviet Union, a group of Russias topatomic-weapons scientists agreed to sell to the United States a massive, secret study of Soviet nuclear-weaponstesting, providing firsthand information about Cold War events stretching over more than four decades, accordingto documents and interviews with key Russian participants. The history project, which was led by Alexander Tchernyshev, a theoretical physicist at Russias firstnuclear-weapons laboratory, remains shrouded in secrecy both in Russia and the United States. But the scope of the project a detailed, 2,000-page history of 715 Soviet nuclear tests over 41 years isunprecedented, and appears to have given the United States valuable insights into Soviet military and scientificprocedures. It could also help U.S. specialists better prepare to monitor any future nuclear explosions by roguestates that defy a new ban on nuclear tests. Starting in December 1992, Tchernyshev and about 200 other scientists wrote the history under contract tothe U.S. Defense Special Weapons Agency for a fee of $288,501. At the time, the scientists were sufferingeconomically and the United States was trying to prevent them from taking their nuclear-weapons know-howelsewhere. The information the scientists provided was the objective of a long and costly detection and monitoring effortby the United States during the Cold War. By filling in the gaps, the history will help the Pentagon betterunderstand Russian procedures, and adjust its systems to allow better monitoring of tests in the future. According to a 10-page outline of the report, much of the work of the Russian scientists appears to have beenon scientific themes, such as measurements of radioactivity and the impact of nuclear tests on the environment andpeople. The history did not directly delve into the design or deployment of the Soviet and now Russian nuclear arsenal, and would probably not affect nuclear strategy or arms control. Tchernyshev said the Russian scientists did not divulge state secrets. However, he acknowledged that theinformation was sensitive. He said all the material was screened by a Russian declassification process, andwe have the documents to prove it.Robert Norris, senior analyst with the Natural Resources Defense Council in Washington, has tracked Sovietand U.S. nuclear testing for a decade. He described the Russian project as a potential intelligence gold minefor U.S. policy-makers. The 200 authors each received about $500, Tchernyshev said, with the rest going to taxes and expenses. Atthe time, the average monthly wage in Russia was $38.

Lorenzo Colbert Jr. Essays - Emmett Till, Mississippi, Greenwood

Lorenzo Colbert Jr. 10/08/2017 English Death of Emme tt Till The murder of Emmett Till, a 14-year old African-American kid, in August 1955 stunned the country, and gave an impetus to the rising civil right s development. A Chicago local, Till was seeing relatives in Money, Mississippi when he was blamed for harassing a neighborhood white lady. On August 24, while standing with friends outside a small store, Till boasted about having a white girlfriend in Chicago. His friends then dared him to ask the white woman inside the store for a date. According to the woman, Carolyn Bryant, Till entered the store, bought some gum, asked for a date, and then whistled at her as he left the store. ( Altman ) A few days after the fact, relatives of the lady stole Till, fiercely beating and killing him before discarding his body in an adjacent waterway. Till's crushed mother demanded an open, open coffin memorial service for her child, which she trusted would reveal insight into the fundamental brutality dispensed on blacks in the south. Till's killers were acquitted by an all-white jury, yet the occasions encompassing his demise galvanized activists across the nation. The following year, after being paid by a reporter, Bryant and Milam admitted that they had indeed murdered Till . Though the two men could not be retried because of constitutional protections against double jeopardy, the Emmitt Till lynching shocked the country and motivated thousands of young people who later became involved in the Civil Rights movement . ( Altman ) Emmett Till, also known as Bobo, experienced childhood in a flourishing, white collar class black neighborhood on Chicago's South Side. The area was a safe house for black possessed organizations, and the boulevards he meandered as a kid were fixed with black claimed insurance agencies, drug stores and excellence salons and dance club that drew any semblance of Duke Ellington and Sarah Vaughan. The individuals who knew Till best portrayed him as a mindful, interesting, and irresistibly cheerful kid. He was hit with polio at five years old yet figured out how to influence a full recuperation, to spare a slight falter that stayed with him for whatever remained of his life. Three days in the wake of touching base in Money, Mississippi, on August 24, 1955, Emmett Till and a gathering of youngsters entered Bryant's Staple and Meat Market to purchase refreshments in the wake of a monotonous day picking cotton in the hot evening sun. What precisely unfolded inside the supermarke t that evening will never be known. Till obtained bubble gum, and a portion of the children with him would later report that he either shrieked at, played with, or touched the hand of the store's white female assistantand spouse of the proprietorCarolyn Bryant. Whatever happened in the store, the teenagers immediately departed town. Word of the incident spread quickly among blacks and whites in the area. Just after midnight on 28 August, Bryant's husband, Roy, and his half-brother J. W. Milam, both decorated combat veterans of World War II, arrived armed at the home of Moses Wright, demanding to see the boy from Chicago. The two men dragged Till from the house, bringing him to their vehicle, where witnesses later said that a woman's voice identified Till as the boy from the store. The two men left with the Chicago teen. Three days later Emmett Till's naked and tortured body was discovered in the Tallahatchie River, after he floated to the surface despite having a cotton gin fan tied to his neck. ( Aiello ) Till's body was sent to Chicago, where his mom picked to have an open-coffin burial service with Till's body in plain view for five days. A huge number of individuals went to the Roberts Sanctuary Church of God to see the proof of this ruthless despise wrongdoing. Till's mom said that, notwithstanding the huge torment it made her see her child's dead body in plain view, she settled on an open-coffin memorial service to "let the world see what has happened, in light of the fact that it is highly unlikely I could depict this. What's more, I required someone to enable me to tell what

Establishing Working Relationships With A Group Is Essential Social Work Essay Example

Establishing Working Relationships With A Group Is Essential Social Work Essay Example Establishing Working Relationships With A Group Is Essential Social Work Essay Establishing Working Relationships With A Group Is Essential Social Work Essay It is of paramount importance that by edifice and developing a good working relationship we are able to endeavor to set up and keep their trust and assurance in line with 2.1, 2.2 and 2.3 of GSCC codifications of pattern ( Trevithick, 2006 ) . However, holding merely completed the 75 yearss arrangement within a twenty-four hours service for grownups with larning disablement this can sometimes be a ambitious undertaking due to the complex nature of this service user group. In this essay I will exemplify how I worked and established a working relationship with service user J in order to assist him develop new accomplishments but chiefly to take down his aggression towards others in the twenty-four hours Centre. Furthermore, I will besides discourse how I brought the relationship to a stopping point. I will split the essay into five subdivisions. The first subdivision will discourse the description of the work. The 2nd subdivision will supply an analysis of procedure which the relationship was established. The 3rd subdivision will place awaited and existent barriers in the relationship. The 4th subdivision will speak in deepness how the relationship was brought to a stopping point. The concluding subdivision will supply an rating of my success ( if any ) in set uping the relationship with J. The essay will than be concluded.A A A A A A Barncroft Day Centre provides developmental preparation for people with learning disablement, in the age scope 16+ , in order that they can populate more independently in the community. Peoples in the twenty-four hours Centre are known as pupils instead than service users as this prevents labelling. It presently has 60 pupils runing from mild to severe larning disablement that accesses the twenty-four hours services full and portion clip. A Part of my function at the administration was to assist service users develop new accomplishments which would profit them in their life. Therefore, for my arrangement I was asked by my onsite supervisor to work with J. A J is a 40 nine twelvemonth old male who has the developmental age of 7-8 twelvemonth old and besides suffers from Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ( OCD ) . He came to Bancroft from Willow Woods twenty-four hours Centre after a figure of serious incidents with anxiousness and aggressive looks frequently being influenced by his sister who besides attended Willow forests at the clip and who he has a bad relationship with. He is a pleasant, polite and gracious adult male who enjoys being helpful and active nevertheless, on occasions J may exhibit effusion of aggression towards others ensuing in really serious incidents. J was non born with his larning disablement and hence, it has been assessed that this may lend for his aggression as he may non be happy with his state of affairs. His effusions can happen all of a sudden and can be mostly triggered by others non moving in conformity with his regulations or outlooks of appropriate actions or behavior, whereby he will take it on himself to s tep in physically. A A A Therefore, the purpose of the battle was to set up, construct and prolong a relationship with J for the full continuance of my arrangement ( 75 yearss ) . The intent of this is to hold a attention worker/student relationship to profit J by working with him and happening ways to take down his episodes of aggression towards others and as a consequence Begin organizing new relationship. Another purpose was to learn him life accomplishments for e.g. sharing, working with other service users, assisting him with his OCD and bettering get bying mechanisms. However, it should be noted that I was cognizant 70 five yearss may non give me adequate clip to do a important betterment in his life. A A A Due to the jobs J had with his sister in the yesteryear, female staff at Barncroft found it really hard to work with him. Furthermore, as there are merely two male attention workers at the administration it was hard for Barncroft to apportion one of them to make intensive work with J. Therefore, I was allocated as it was an ideal chance for Barncroft to utilize me to make intensive work with him because I am a male. A To be able to sufficiently work with J and to derive a greater understanding about this undertaking I familiarised my ego with relevant policies for e.g. the Department of wellness s white paper on Valuing people a new scheme for larning disablement for the twenty-first century . I besides familiarised my ego with cardinal statute laws for e.g. 3.3 of the Mental Health Act 1983, NHSCC Act 1990, and the Health and Safety at Work Act ( 1974 ) . As a consequence this enabled me to travel frontward and experience confident to be able to set about this undertaking. A Analysis of procedure A ; accomplishments employed A The first contact with a possible service user sets the tone for the remainder of your work ( Doel et al, 2005, p.61 ) . Therefore, I planned the initial contact to take topographic point in an environment he enjoyed the most which was painting. This initial contact was facilitated by my supervisor who was besides his cardinal worker. J was making a two twenty-four hours undertaking in which he had to pull and paint the things he enjoyed making the most in his life. I felt that working on this undertaking with him will be act as a foundation on set uping our relationship and assistance him to ease any awaited tenseness or edginess he may hold. Furthermore, it gave him an chance to happen out things about me. For illustration I disclosed to him that I am besides pupil like him. This brought equality to the relationship and besides enabled him to associate to me. A A formal meeting was than facilitated by his cardinal worker and the purpose of this was to give him command over by his life by leting him to do an informed pick to work with me. The GSCC codifications practise 1.3 supports this in which societal attention worker must back up service user s rights to command their lives and do informed picks about the services they receive. Furthermore, by giving him this pick we were besides advancing his independency. A Social workers must heighten the power of people who lack it and this is why I can associate authorization to this state of affairs. Empowerment helps minorities by cut downing favoritism, subjugation and devaluation ( Thomas, 2003, p.102 ) . At the nucleus of the construct is the thought of power and hence, by giving J a pick we were assisting him to increase his capacity as an person and enabling him to derive power of determination and action over his life.A A A Following the formal meeting it was of import to let J to construct a trust in me. By making this, I was able to construct a good working relationship that allowed him to work with me in an effectual manner, place ends and develop appropriate attacks for obtaining these. I clearly explained to J and ever reminded him that anything he says to me will non be passed on to other service users. This was in the remit of the administrations confidentiality policy which coincides with the GSCC codifications of practise 2.3 in which societal attention workers must esteem confidential information. A I used individual centred attack to guarantee that that everything I do is based upon what is of import to J from his ain position. Person centred planning enabled me to detect and move on what is of import to him. Furthermore, it besides allowed me to construct a shared committedness to action that recognises his rights and hence, by working together we can do alterations which will better the quality of his life. A Establishing a relationship with J required all my accomplishments in order to happen ways to associate to him. The key to working efficaciously in this scene is appropriate and effectual communicating accomplishments. Effective communicating is regarded as a tool for prosecuting with vulnerable people which helps to develop a working relationship. Trevithick ( 2006 ) outlines that like other intercessions, it is through our capacity to pass on with others that we reveal the cognition, accomplishments and understanding that we can utilize to organize good, positive and strong permanent relationships ( Trevithick, 2006, P117 ) . Therefore, in order to turn to J s issues I used different methods of communicating. Although most of our communicating was through address I besides used activities to pass on with him for e.g. soft music, art, makaton, etc.A A Body linguistic communication was besides an of import method of communicating. For illustration while sitting down I would do certain that I was ever as the same tallness as him which ensured equality. Besides whilst seated I would on a regular basis alter my position in order to exemplify active hearing and take part in the treatment. Furthermore, other accomplishments I used in our relationship included consciousness, experimental accomplishments, end puting accomplishments, listening accomplishments, being empathic and self cognizant as possible. A Each hebdomad I used my interview accomplishments to hold a one to one session with J and worked with him in order to put a undertaking for that hebdomad which would heighten a peculiar type of accomplishment. However, in the beginning he needed changeless motive and positive interaction, as he frequently found it hard to speak and show his feelings and ideas. I worked with J in a non-oppressive mode, by leting him to work at his ain gait. Each hebdomad we reviewed how far and how good he was executing in his given undertakings and besides placing countries where he was fighting and needed support and how I could help him. A An illustration of a successful undertaking we worked on was hebdomad 9 in which J took portion in horticulture. The purpose of this undertaking was to enable him to work with other pupils in order to accomplish a common end. This was a hands-on attack undertaking which involved working with other pupils and back uping them. I was afraid that due to certain environmental factors such as it being a hot twenty-four hours he may exhibit effusion of aggression towards others nevertheless, this was non the instance as I observed that he to the full engaged in this undertaking by assisting and back uping other pupils. In contemplation, does J hold the capacity to work with people? I think he does. Besides this undertaking extends his skyline as he gets ocular experience and can experience to be happy by working with others.A A A A A A I used cognitive behavioral therapy as a method of intercession in order to turn to his strong emotions. Cognitive-behavioural methods are curative processs which focus on altering ideas and feelings aboard, alternatively of or as a precursor to, altering behaviors ( Payne, 2002 P122 ) . This attack aims to step in by altering the manner he thinks and enabling him to get by in nerve-racking state of affairss. As a consequence to pull off his aggression I took history of his larning disablement as it was of import to guarantee that I used relevant societal work methods. Besides by analyzing why he becomes aggressive I used behaviour alteration as a method of alteration. I did this by learning him that being aggressive towards others was incorrect and invariably reinforced him. However, I used low degree penalty if he did something wrong for illustration taking away his picture privileges for a twenty-four hours. Furthermore I besides used patterning behavior with the purpose that J c an pattern his behavior by larning from me and others around him.A A A A A Barriers A In any societal worker/client relationship there is ever a possible hazard of there being barriers whether it s a personal awaited barrier or an existent barrier. This was besides present in the class of set uping an appropriate and productive relationship with J as I assumed that barriers may impact my working relationship with him. A As J has larning disablement I anticipated that I will happen it hard to pass on with him because I would non cognize his methods of communicating. Therefore, I questioned myself on how I was traveling set up a relationship with person who I can non pass on with. A The deficiency of communicating accomplishments is a common denominator. One attack is the societal theoretical account of disablement and its deductions to societal work. The societal theoretical account of disablement defines disablement as the social response to damage ( Grant et Al, 2005, p.725 ) . The challenge is the degree of penetration that would ease communicating in service user/worker relationship because it is hard to ease each individual s usage of linguistic communication and signifier of communicating of their choice.A Tom Shakespeare ( 2003 ) sums it up when he stated that people are disabled by societal barriers and failures of proviso, non by their organic structure ( Cited in Grant et al, 2005, p.725 ) . A In order to understate the impact of this I needed to alter my communicating technique in manner by accommodating to his communicating demands. However, I had to make this without being patronizing because this can happen within any kind of laden minority group in which the worker feels that they are better than the service user and this is non the function of a societal worker.A A I anticipated age to be a possible barrier because he was a 40 nine twelvemonth old vulnerable grownup who has larning disablement and I am a 20 two twelvemonth old adult male. Thompson ( 1997 ) province s that age is non merely a simple affair of biological maturation-it is besides a societal division ; it is a dimension of the societal construction on the footing of which power, privilege and chances tend to be allocated ( Thompson, 1997 ) . A Age was ab initio an existent barrier because the fact was that although he was an grownup he had a developmental age of 7-8 twelvemonth old. This was a challenge because I had to take history of his developmental age but at the same clip I had to recognize that he was nt a kid. The challenge was that as he has low developmental age old I could nt work out this. Therefore, the trouble was that how can I work with a individual of 40 nine who does non hold the rational ability to believe within the model of an adult.A A A A A On the other manus to understate this impact as a worker I was cognizant of his single human rights in conformity with values and moralss b.Therefore, I treated him as an person but at the same clip took history of his developmental age.A A I besides anticipated race to be a possible barrier as I am an Asiatic immature male and he is a white center aged adult male. I felt that this would impact my working relationship with him because as I was the lone Asiatic male in Barncroft he might happen it uncomfortable to work with me. As a consequence I had uncertainties on how far I would be able to help him. Furthermore, I besides thought I might happen it hard to sympathize with him on certain issues sing our different cultural backgrounds. A This was non an existent barrier in practise and hence, I did non hold to fix in order to understate the impact. However, in contemplation, if this was a job than as a professional I would hold worked efficaciously with J by handling him as an person. Respecting his positions and wants and besides esteeming diverseness and different civilizations and values in line with the 1.1, 1.2 and 1.6 of GSCC codification of pattern. A Finally, I besides anticipated the issue of power to be a barrier in this instance me being powerful and J being powerless. Harmonizing to Adams ( 2003 ) service users are normally people who are comparatively powerless in contrast to societal workers who are comparatively powerful ( Adams, 2003, p.76 ) . The impression power/powerlessness issues in about all societal attention worker/ client relationship. I was cognizant that if this power is used negatively it can convey favoritism, subjugation and inequality and as a consequence I would non be able to set up a good working relationship. A A A A A However, in order to understate the impact of this I used my cognition and experience to ever advance anti-discriminatory practise every bit good as advancing values and moralss a, B, degree Celsius, vitamin D, vitamin E, and f. I worked with J to enable any barriers which do non let control of his life to be removed. This enabled him a sense of power alternatively of impotence and lead to him being empowered in his life. Furthermore, I used professionalism at all times and used the power I had constructively as a utile toolA to advance equal chance for him in line with 1.5 of the GSCC codification of practise.A A Closing A Closing is an emotional constituent in any societal worker/ client relationship. I was cognizant that after my arrangement coatings I ca nt put any more clip with J and I will hold to go forth him behind. Therefore, at the formal meeting I informed him that I will merely be working with him for 70 five yearss. A I knew that I am working with him as a societal attention worker and non as a friend. I was cognizant that the purpose of the relationship is to assist J increase his consciousness and to heighten his accomplishments which will assist him cut down his aggression towards others and this will be good to his life. However, I was besides cognizant that by ask foring him to be dependent on the relationship at the terminal of the arrangement I will hold introduce him back to his independency as this is the kindest thing I could for him. A Achieving relationship closing is non an easy undertaking nevertheless, my attack to societal work is steadfastly rooted in the belief that each individual must be treated as an person and hence, in J s instance I made sure that he was ever informed although I recognised his restrictions. As the arrangement bit by bit came to an terminal, I ever reminded him that I am besides a pupil and that I have to travel back to school as this gave him adequate clip and notice to digest the information. On my last twenty-four hours of arrangement I decently said good pass and detached because it will be inappropriate to remain in touch as I would non be able to maintain my promises.A A A I can associate loss and mourning to this state of affairs because he will travel through a grieving procedure and will hold to accept the world of this separation and loss. As one of the reactions to heartache is anger I was afraid when I leave he will go aggressive towards staff and/or other service users. However, parametric quantities were in topographic point for his cardinal worker to pull off any state of affairs as she is a sure individual with old ages of experience. Furthermore, parametric quantities were besides set up to offer J support and would be interceding with other bureaus ( if required ) to offer services and to ease him back to independency. This is supported by Oswin ( 1993 ) who states that people with larning troubles need clip to retrieve, and sensitive support as they go through normal reactions of heartache such as choler, crying and depression ( Cited in Thomas et Al, 2003, p. 130 ) . A Evaluation A Before coming to Barncroft I did non hold any experience working with people with learning disablement. The arrangement enabled me to acquire out of my comfort zone and work in a new surrounding. However, I was able to derive a wealth of cognition from this experience and develop my apprehension of this service user group. In measuring my established relationship with J, I feel that there is plentifulness of grounds to propose it was successful and I was able to accomplish my purposes of the battle. I feel that I was able to act upon and impact J positively within professional societal work moralss. Throughout the working relationship I did non detect any incidence of aggressive behavior towards staff member or service users.A However, on a one off peculiar twenty-four hours I was on survey leave and was told by my supervisor that an incidence took topographic point during tiffin clip in which J had hit another service user because she sat on the same chair that I normally sit on. Although this showed the intimacy he felt in our working relationship, I feel that this incidence illustrates he had become excessively dependent. Therefore, I recognise that I should hold placed more distance in the attention worker/ pupil relationship. A A A A A A Another grounds to propose the battle was successful is each hebdomad I observed that by finishing undertakings successfully J had enhanced a peculiar life accomplishment. For e.g. gardening undertaking in hebdomad 9 I noticed he had improved his people working accomplishments and sharing skills.A A A A manner I recognise that the battle could hold been better is holding more clip with J alternatively of 70 five yearss because it is a slow procedure and I feel by holding more clip it may hold been more good to him. A Decision A Despite non holding any experience working with this service user group this arrangement has provided me a great trade of cognition and penetration into lives of people with learning disablement. I feel that from my working relationship with J I was able to lend positively to his life.A I used appropriate theoretical constructs -e.g. individual centred attack, cognitive behavioral therapy, behaviour alteration, communicating theoretical accounts and the societal -v- medical theoretical accounts of disablement and/or mental wellness. This gave me the ability to sufficiently work with J and enabling him to get down larning new skills.A A Get the better ofing anticipated and existent barriers has been the major challenge in this arrangement. However, I have grown in assurance as a prospective practician and will set this to good usage in bettering my practise further.A A A A

Assignment for eye Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

For eye - Assignment Example ces of the industry which include proved instances of labor exploitation, sweat shop conditions, use of child labor and negligence of environment-friendly and sustainable business practices. Bangladesh, Egypt, Thailand and Pakistan (SOMO, p1). These children are not only forced under harsh conditions they are also denied the right to a happy and carefree childhood and access to quality education. It is a vicious cycle where the children grow up to be unskilled workers unable to move out of poverty and unable to share in the benefits of a growing economy, in part supported by the same industries that hire them. On paper, child labor is against the law in most countries and there is severe international pressure in form of trade bans for the countries to end this practice. For legal as well as ethical reasons, NGO’s and government bodies in all of these countries have shown high concern for protecting these children and providing them access to their rights. However, child labor is a valuable resource for both the manufacturers and the big brands that buy from them and as long as the demand from these big brands exists the unethical practice continues hidden but un hindered (SOMO, p3). The debate on the rights of child labors must include the economic reality of these developing countries. For many families below the poverty line, the income provided by their children is necessary for survival. Even if the public system can provide free education to them, the parents cannot afford to lose the extra income by taking away their children from work (Melnick). This is a significant problem due to which governments often find children unwilling to pursue further education after they reach the legal age to work, e.g despite the support provided by Bangladesh’s government, many displaced labor children chose to return back to work as soon as they hit the legal working age of 14 (BGMEA, p6). Implementation of blanket laws against using child labor without the supporting

Technology Plan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Technology Plan - Assignment Example This paper will examine a technology plan for a health care services organization. A health care services organization (HCSO) can function a lot better if it has the right kind of information at its disposal without any wastage of time. Efficiency and effectiveness are two important necessities for the smooth functioning of such an organization. Thus, it would be necessary for a HCSO to have a computer network covering all the terminals inside the building linking their records and data together. A centralized server with direct wireless connectivity with all the nodes would be an idealistic way to provide real-time data from one PC to another without the hassle of paper or wastage of time and human resource. Careful planning can even see a paperless management system being implemented at the Indus Hospital, Pakistan which made the greatest technological advancement in terms of a hospital by adopting to a purely paperless system (Garib, 2008). Truly speaking, such a feat would give an HCSO a competitive advantage in terms of productivity and efficacy. With wireless connectivity instead of wired terminals, the HCSO can also have distributed printers within the organization so as to facilitate the printing of various slips or documents near the customer or the doctor instead of a centralized print server. The use of computerized logs with regards to the number of hours devoted by each doctor or healthcare specialist will give an HCSO the flexibility to focus on its core operations. Such systems work with near field communications devices or RFID tags and perform at extremely impressive perfection rates giving the organization the ease of doing away with manual and troublesome payroll processing systems. Auto-payroll systems are quite the norm and can be easily implemented at an HCSO with slight modifications to suit the scenario. Technological advancements are the light of the day and thus if

International and strategic marketing Assignment

International and strategic marketing - Assignment Example The several challenges faced over the years have also helped to propel the company into new heights. These include fierce competition from other consulting firms, the credit crunch which saw the company barely survive and the restructuring we had to do to increase efficiency and serve our clients better. The International Market After long consultations with the directors and other stakeholders, it was agreed that the company should move to another level and expand into the international market. This will be a great privilege to the company. After the marketing team completed its analysis on the first location outside the UK that the company should base its services on, we decided to take the business to Paris, France due to a number of reasons that will be outlined later. With the expansion to Paris, the company will also introduce a new product in the market. This is an area that the company has researched on and found high demand for, especially in Paris. The new product involves training programmes for International marketing. The most obvious reason as to the choice of this product is due to the fact that Paris, being a renowned historical city in the world, attracts several local and international tourists every year. The training programmes in International marketing will thus be very useful to the market. ... Secondly, new products in the market usually earn higher profits than old ones because of their unique qualities and the fact that competitors would not have caught up yet. This is especially advantageous in launching new products in new markets where such products tend to generate curiosity from the market. Thirdly, limiting the company to old products may make the company lose out on emerging markets or existing clients who eventually get bored of the same products presented in the same old ways (Husig & Kohn 2003). Seasonal variation in demand for products may mean that firms’ revenues keep fluctuating. Development of new products which are customized to be profitable during different times is one of the ways companies can use to ensure consistent revenues throughout the year. Technological advances today, especially in Information Technology have made it easy for companies to easily develop new concepts at a faster rate and with lower costs. Developing new concepts therefo re helps companies keep abreast with technological advancements (Kotler & Gray 2008). The first step undertaken included the brainstorming of ideas. Once it was made known that the company was going international, the employees in the company were very enthusiastic to pitch in ideas to help in the development of a product that would hit in the international market. Brainstorming on ideas is usually a great way to get new ideas on the table (Cateora & Graham 2002). Apart from contributions by the employees and other experts hired to do the job, clients of the company were also asked for their contribution and the feedback received was very useful. After the ideas were sifted through, the marketing department did further research on the most viable ideas and the ideas were screened. The

Overview of Celiac Disease and Gluten

Overview of Celiac Disease and Gluten WHATS IN YOUR WHEAT? BY AISHA ADIL Percolating deep into the abyss of gluten-related research studies, opinions and perspectives, and several news outlets, it is starting to seem that, despite the hype, gluten-free diets (GFD) may not necessarily be the answer to a healthy lifestyle. Although these diets are the only current nutritional treatment for gluten-sensitive patients, other treatment options are being speculated. But even outside of the scope of disease, the prominence of gluten-free diets in the general population is raising question marks about how hazardous gluten really is. It has only been about 10,000 years since wheat was introduced but it is only now that being gluten-free is apparently the path to a healthy life. Hence, questioning what is in your wheat invites the inquiry of gluten: what caused it to gain so much prominence and subsequently a downgrade in the past years? What else is involved besides gluten? It is surprising to realize that many gluten-sensitive individuals are subject to a combination of factors, rather than gluten alone, that give rise to their sensitivity. Many researchers are investigating other complex carbohydrates present in wheat with some even suggesting that these carbohydrates have a higher likelihood in causing intestinal distress than gluten. With several angles of research being conducted on the role of gluten in our lives, it is imperative that we evaluate the history of gluten over the years and our current knowledge to assess a question that is very simply-put but difficult to answer: is a gluten-free diet a healthy choice? The Underpinning of Civilizations and Celiac The discovery of seeds and domestication of crops cradled the development and flourishment of civilizations at the cost of celiac disease (CD), an illness triggered by the ingestion of gluten. Clinically, the existence of celiac disease dates back to 1888 but it was only a little less than a hundred years later in the 1950s that the consumption of wheat, barley, and rye were speculated as the cause of intestinal lesions. Gluten, the storage proteins that comprise much of our common sources of carbohydrates such as wheat, barley, and rye, was found to be at the center of inducing CD and later in time, non-celiac gluten sensitivity. While the latter disorder is a controversial matter in even being considered a medical condition, celiac disease patients show a hypersensitive reaction to gluten consumption. This autoimmune ailment, otherwise described as a condition that causes our bodys immune system to attack our own tissues, detracts individuals from proper nutrient absorption and sub jects them to abdominal pain, diarrhea, and swollen bellies. It can even reach the extent of destroying our intestinal villi, the brush-like surfaces of our small intestine. Recently, it has been found that CD arises when individuals, along with being exposed to gluten, have a genetic predisposition to CD, and, per Fasano and his colleagues nine years of research, a leaky gut; an unusually permeable intestinal membrane, that permits the entry of gliadins, undigested fragments of gluten. The immunology of Celiac Disease   Delving further into the pathophysiology of CD, the mechanisms underlying CD are more complicated than one might expect. CD patients harbor an inherited set of gene variants called histocompatibility leukocyte antigens (HLAs) that give rise to the hypersensitive reaction against gluten. 95% of celiac patients possess HLA-DQ2 and/or HLA-DQ8, proteins required for the primary establishment of CD. These proteins aid in developing an immune response in the face of microbial attacks. However, CD patients bodies secrete the tissue transglutaminase (TTG) that responds to and modifies ingested gluten proteins in a way that binds them with DQ2/8 proteins and initiates an immune response. Though this immune response should be protective, it unfortunately harms the intestinal cells and hinders the absorption of nutrients. We are not engineered to eat wheatà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. gluten only came into the picture 10 000 years ago, with the advent of agriculture Alessio Fasano, University of Maryland School of Medicine The recent introduction of gluten perhaps explains why our body mounts an immune response against it it perceives gluten as a foreign invader such as a virus or a bacterium and activates the same defense as it does when an infection attacks our body. It therefore becomes tempting to propose that gluten should be eliminated from our diets completely but not so fast, says Fasano. Fasanos discovery of zonulin, a protein activated by gliadin in gluten and a capability of modifying the guts permeability, is seemingly a ray of hope. This protein is predictably what allows a leaky gut to occur, creating a loss of control as our intestine can no longer create a barrier against unwanted particles. However, zonulin is a controversial solution as clinical research and evidence on zonulin is scant. It is nonetheless suggested that zonulin modifies antigen traffic and may be involved in not only CD but in other, various immune diseases. Who knew gluten could cause controversy? Having gluten within the diet and experiencing gluten-sensitivity outside the context of celiac has also sparked controversies worldwide. This has been the case with Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity (NCGS), another syndrome in the spectrum of gluten-induced disorders that results in both extraintestinal and gastrointestinal symptoms due to gluten-withdrawal. This syndrome is however not new as reports dating back to the 1970s and 1980s provide evidence of patients experiencing wheat or gluten withdrawal in the absence of CD. NCGS main controversy today lies within its unavailable etiologic background or evidence such as biomarkers or histological abnormalities to support its existence. Another issue is that NCGS patients also report symptoms similar to those found in Irritable Bowel Syndrome patients (IBS). This is an area where personal experience and anecdote really trumps the medical evidence thats emerged Dr. Jason Tye-Din, gastroenterologist at Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Australia. Although this condition is raising conflicts between personal beliefs and medical advice, further research proposes that NCGS patients may be intolerant to other components of wheat such as FODMAPS and fructans rather than just gluten. FODMAPS, a group of sugars that are either poorly absorbed by the small intestine or completely indigestible, can be found in foods high in fructose such as apples and mangoes, dairy products, and fructans such as onions and garlic. Several studies such as Peter Gibsons and Biesikeierski and colleagues, in 2011, suggested that gluten is the culprit after all. Both well-designed studies subjected IBS patients to a gluten restriction challenge followed by a reintroduction of gluten. The results suggested that IBS patients do have NCGS given that they experienced stomach ailments when treated with gluten. These studies were however, criticized for their small numbers of participants and limited statistical evidence. Further well-designed and more detail-o riented studies in 2013 revealed that NCGS patients did not experience symptoms from gluten but rather with a FODMAPs diet. Accordingly, it seems that a FODMAPs-free diet is more effective but also more complicated than a gluten-free diet. Studies from 2011 have also convinced millions of people that being gluten-free makes them feel better. Research on FODMAPs however, does not have enough data to provide a definitive answer either; most of it is unclear or preliminary. Many studies are currently underway and will require time before a conclusive answer is available. Going Gluten-Free Conversely, with an increasingly growing belief that gluten-free diets are healthier, there is an increased consumption and demand for gluten-free foods in the market. Food companies are using the common perceptions that gluten-free products are healthier to advertise their products as such and that too, at an elevated price. These products may even be nutrient-poor and miscellaneous about their sugar, salt, and saturated fat composition. Economic markets respond to meet the growing demand hence it is no surprise to Catherine Cross, a writer of the Canadian Medical Association Journal, that gluten-free stamps are appearing more frequently on both healthy and unhealthy products. This therefore leads us to question whether the gluten-free products we buy are actually healthy. Besides our deep percolation of the pathogenesis and underlying mechanisms of wheat components and their effects on gluten-induced disorders, answering this question involves additional enquiry into the markets ex pansion of gluten-free products. After investigating and comparing the nutritional quality of 3213 gluten-free and non-gluten free products across 10 food categories, Wu and his colleagues in 2015 deduced that gluten-free products have, on average, lower protein levels, and an overall poor quality due to a high composition of sugar, salt, and saturated fats. Cross delved further into this matter suggesting that conventional gluten-free flours such as potato, rice, tapioca, and sorghum contain more calories and carbohydrates, and are also unfortified, an absence of intentionally increased essential micronutrients. Put differently, there is a large body of evidence suggesting that being gluten-free is not always healthier given the substitution of fat and sugar to compensate for the absence of gluten. However, further insight into whether this gluten-free diet is a better option can be better understood from CD patients bound to this diet. Groups of researchers including Lee and colleagues, and Singh Whelan all present similar data and conclusions of the limited availability of gluten-free products in parts of the US and in London, UK as well as their increased price compared to standard counterparts. Furthermore, Nascimento and colleagues in 2014 percolated consumer perceptions and suggestions of celiac consumers in Brazils Santa Catarina, and found that along with low availability and high prices, individuals experienced poor palatability and social life restrictions leading to hindrances in adhering to the gluten-free diet, and overall dissatisfaction with employing the diet. Other studies, such as Hallert and colleagues also suggest higher levels of nutritional deficiencies, especially of fibre and B vitamins. Conclusively, these studies and observations provide a greater set of limitations than advantages in employing a gluten-free diet which raises the ultimate question: how do we stay healthy? Fasano suggests that it depends on how one wants to become gluten-free. If one employs a natural gluten-free diet without substitutes and consume only fresh fruits, vegetables, and meats, it may be beneficial and may alleviate their symptoms of gluten-sensitivity. But a gluten-free diet with gluten-free pasta or cakes may result in adverse effects. Alexandra Anca, a Toronto dietitian, also suggests that if one desires a healthy-eating lifestyle, it is better to get back to the basics. While celiac patients are bound to gluten-free diets but nonetheless are on their way to alternative treatments, those who seek healthy lifestyles should focus on whole and less-processed foods, says Melanie McGrice, an Australian dietician. Overall, employing a healthy lifestyle is complicated given the interplay of the food markets increasingly diverse production of gluten-free products and the less well-known facts and studies about CD and NCGS. Embarking on this journey nonetheless requires a careful consideration of how you want to become healthy will you go old-school with the fresh fruits and vegetables? Word Count: 1796

Comparison and Contrast of The Destructors and The Rocking Horse Winner

Comparison and Contrast of â€Å"The Destructors†, by Graham Greene and â€Å"The Rocking Horse Winner†, by D.H. Lawrence This comparison and contrast of â€Å"The Destructors†, by Graham Greene and â€Å"The Rocking Horse Winner†, by D.H. Lawrence will center on selected parts of stories from the opening through the conclusion. I will seek to compare and contrast both authors’ choices of characters, themes, techniques of suspense, moral statements, and conclusions. â€Å"The Destructors† and â€Å"The Rocking Horse Winner† were both written in the third person by British authors and set in post war Great Britain. â€Å"The Destructors† was written post World War II and â€Å"The Rocking Horse Winner† was written post World War I. Misery caused by poverty is the underlying theme of each story. The significance of the period each story was penned can easily be understood when considering the miserable living conditions of the people of post war Great Britain. The characters in â€Å"The characters in â€Å"The Destructors† are not as fully developed as those in â€Å"The Rocking Horse Winner†. In â€Å"The Destructors† the characters are bound together as a distinct unit or a gang. Their overall interaction is based primarily on the destruction of Old Misery’s house. Dialogue between the gang members is limited to a great extent on the house’s destruction. In contrast, â€Å"The Rocking Horse Winner† characters, Paul, his mother, his uncle, and Bassett, are in constant conflict over poverty and bad luck as opposed to wealth and good luck. â€Å"The Destructors† is a story about the gang-style activities of young boys living in the inner-city poverty of post-war London and their conspiracy toward destroying an old man’s house. The opening of â€Å"The Rocking Horse Winner† sets the tone, moo... ...which in turn led him to seek games of chance. The conclusion of both stories is sad. In â€Å"The Destructors†, not only is Old Misery’s house destroyed, but also during the latter part of the demolition, the gang holds him captive in the out-house. The final humiliation appears when the lorry driver is an unknowing accomplice but still finds humor in Old Misery’s house being razed. In the â€Å"Rocking Horse Winner†, tragically although Paul selects the winning horse of the derby and brings wealth to his family, he dies in the end. Paul’s last words to his mother were â€Å"I’m lucky†. In conclusion, the two short stories as compared and contrasted above, depict the degradation of social norms caused by poverty. The two sets of characters’ reactions to this abasement are different, and both prove ineffective attempts to overcome or cope with the situation.

Optimism in John Steinbeck’s The Grapes of Wrath Essay

The Grapes of Wrath is a novel written by John Steinbeck. In the bulk of modern literature, it is consider a masterful epic unmatched in the realm of the written word. The novel centers around a family of workers who are immigrants — The Joads. When the novel takes place they are in California attempting to survive the scarce conditions of the depression. Steinbeck monitors and recounts the ups and downs of the family and their experiences in United States. Much of the plot is Steinbeck’s commentary on the rampant capitalism which literary sucked the land and the people dry during the 1930s. The story is based on real life excerpts of John Steinbeck’s field research. The real life conflict was created by greedy business men, and lending institutions which bought up land and employed workers to farm. While Steinbeck’s depiction is of the 1930s depression is accurately rough it is equally optimistic. The majority of these workers were lower class immigrant families that were paid so little that their struggles have often been paralleled to that of slavery which plagued the United States in the 16th and 17th centuries. The old adage was particularly relevant when examining this novel, as the rich get richer, the poor end up dead — worked to death. Steinbeck is not casual in his assault of capitalism and it not fearful to express his disgust for the supposed American dream. He has a clear political viewpoint and asserts:†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ the great fact: when property accumulates in too few hands it is taken away. And that companion fact: when a majority of the people are hungry and cold they will take by force what they need. And the little screaming fact that sounds throughout all history: repression works only to strengthen and knit the repressed. † (333). A major theme developed by Steinbeck in The Grapes of Wrath is his believe that the survive of the lower class is based on their dedication to family. His approach is a delicate mixture of Marxism and Socialism, both of which promote cooperative living. In the context of the time, Steinbeck’s beliefs were not just controversial but also dangerous. The United States went through a two periods in which the government hunted after individuals they considered unamerican, the 1920s and the 1950s. This novel was written in the the 1930s. However, Steinbeck intricately weaves a tale of family strife, struggle, and survival, in The Grapes of Wrath, which has become a beloved and honored classic since its publication. Steinbeck’s depiction of the devastating conditions during the 1930s is historically accurate. In particular, Steinbeck articulately describes what a Dust Bowl actually is and how it was created. He explains that the great plains experienced the greatest droughts ever during the great depression. The Dust Bowl was created due to lack of rain and also the over use of the land. Once pieces of land are over farmed they lose their nutrients and crops will not grow. These areas, once plush with grass and trees became â€Å"virtual deserts. † It was this drought which forced families, hungry and tired, to see out new hope in the west. The west promised folks clean and cheap living, and with access to regular work. Steinbeck describes the Dust Bowl in the following way, â€Å"The wind increased, steady, unbroken gusts. The dusts from the roads fluffed up and spread out and fell on the weeds besides the fields . . . the sky was darkened by the mixing dust, and the wind felt over the earth, loosened the dust, and carried it away. † For the people living in these devastated lands, this was a very accurate account as to what the â€Å"weather† was like for weeks and months.

Entire Course Essay

   The Power of Many Watch From the grassroots- Understanding community organizing. Consider the African proverb: â€Å"A single bracelet does not jingle.† Discuss the process of social change and the benefit of organizing together for change over individual efforts. Read about the approaches or paths that can be taken to effect progressive social change. Discuss two or three approaches that seem most relevant or practical to you. Support your comments with references and respond to a minimum of two classmates’ postings Social Change Model From Table 3.4 in your text, select two social change models and compare and contrast the similarities and differences between them. Identify their social change tactic, and give examples of representative groups, coalitions, organizations, or entities that exemplify them. Specify the components of successful progressive organizations.  Support your comments with references and respond to a minimum of two classmates’ postings. Reflection Paper Watch the following video, 21st Century Enlightenment and consider the video’s concluding statement,† Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful committed citizens can change the world. Indeed it is the only thing that ever has†. In a three to four page paper, Discuss your thoughts on the video and how it supports this statement. Include a discussion of the terms â€Å"social change,† â€Å"progressive organizing,† and â€Å"community organizing†.Support your comments with references and respond to a minimum of two classmates’ postings. Reflecting upon the video, discuss some ways in which individual citizens can respond to social problems.  Consider how becoming involved with social change aligns with your own values as you consider the following quote, â€Å"Activism is living out one’s values†.Support your comments with references and respond to a minimum of two classmates’ postings. In 250-300 words, discuss the ways in which individuals can be empowered, disempowered and how they can combat personal disempowerment. How does personal empowerment lead to collective empowerment? Describe how social change organizations empower their individual members.  Support your comments with references and respond to a minimum of two classmates’ postings.

Example of General Undergraduate Admission Letter

Example of General Undergraduate Admission Letter Free Online Research Papers Example of General Undergraduate Admission Letter The most important elements that have encouraged my interest in my journey through the psychology program are all of my classes that I take. Every new psychology class I take ensures me that I am going in the correct direction with my life. I have enjoyed learning things in all of my classes. Another element that keeps encouraging me in my interest is my father. He is in the process of getting his masters in counseling and I love being able to have conversations with him about issues that have come up in his and my classes. Academically I want to accomplish my doctorate. I plan on graduating from Concordia and going to grad school. I am still not sure if I am going to take some time off before grad school. I do plan on going only for my masters at first then getting a job. After a couple of years I want to go back and get my doctorate. The one thing that I always want to do is to keep learning. Professionally I want to work with children and adolescents; I plan on being a counselor. I want to start my own practice or work with someone else in private practice. One of my best personal strengths is being a social person. I love working with people and I am good at working with people. One of the reasons that I am good at working with people is because I am a very good listener and I am also very empathetic. I know how to read between the lines when people talk, and I really care what people have to say and what they are feeling. The personal weakness that will be difficult is I am very emotional. I really feel for people when something bad has happened. I don’t know how to deal with it yet. It doesn’t even have to be anything that has happened to me. I see something sad on the T.V. or movie and I cry. If someone tells me a sad story and they are crying then I start to cry. I have worked with kids all my life with babysitting, working in the nursery at my church and working as a nanny. I am currently in the process of applying to volunteer at Doernbecher children’s hospital. I have volunteered for years with habitat for humanity, paint the town, and mission work at my church, other then that I haven’t done much to help my in field of psychology. Research Papers on Example of General Undergraduate Admission LetterStandardized TestingPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyThree Concepts of PsychodynamicBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoWhere Wild and West MeetTrailblazing by Eric AndersonBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of Self

What is the best way to educate the U.S. workforce Essay

What is the best way to educate the U.S. workforce - Essay Example workforce held jobs that did not require a college degree [Kangas, n.d.], indicating that there was glut of over qualified people at the top, as a result of which many of them are being displaced downwards, making it even more difficult for non-graduates to secure jobs. The welfare reform legislation which was signed into force in 1998, has introduced the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act, that operates upon the principle of â€Å"work first† as opposed to the â€Å"training first† option that was in force before. A broad based training policy has proved to be difficult to implement, since the U.S. labor market is fragmented.[Carnevale, 1999]. Thus, the Workforce Investment Act was also introduced to reform the Government training programs for welfare recipients [Haittiangadi, 1998]. Prior to this, the School to Work opportunities Act of 1994 has introduced vocational and apprenticeship programs as a part of the high school curriculum [Schaffer, 1999]. Th is was first initiated in Broome County in 1990, in an effort to implement the German apprenticeship model in the United States school curriculum [Emanoil, 2001], and prepare students better to make the important transition from school to workplace. What is the best way to educate the U.S. workforce? The validity of traditional academic- based systems of education are being questioned as they produce students who are poorly equipped with the skills required at work, especially in today’s techno-savvy environment. They are distracted in class, working after school at low paying, part time jobs where everything of value is generally learnt within a short period of time and they stay on for purely financial reasons. However, the net result is that they remain stagnant at the low level jobs and rarely advance higher. The other side of the same coin is the â€Å"massification† of education with student base expansion since the 1980s [Alexander,

Mass media and communication in International Management Essay

Mass media and communication in International Management - Essay Example Some amount of imagery is associated in a language and communication and complex thoughts are communicated. According to Whorf (2011), language tends to create real and imaginary plurals and conjures up mental patterns. When an image is created or presented, some associations tend to form in the mind and create patterns of objectification. Kramsch (1998) argues that language is the main method where social lives and relations are carried out. It is used for different communication contexts and people express facts, events, ideas that are communicated through words and images. These reflect the culture, attitude and beliefs of the authors and hence language is used to express cultural reality. Therefore, language is a system of signs with a cultural value that is symbolised by social appropriateness norms and social conventions. Language, culture and social norms help people to identify themselves as members of a social group where common ways of viewing the world are acquired. In lig ht of analysing the Ad by Jamie Oliver, these associations become relevant since he is attempting to use the language of cooking to sell products to people. According to Agar (1994), words can have words have multiple meanings and these are connotative or denotative. Denotation refers to the explicit meaning and translation of the word as mentioned in a dictionary.3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ADPlease refer to figure 1.1, where the celebrity cook Jamie Oliver is showing adding vegetables and cooking a dish of chicken. Prominent in the Ad is the ad copy with the words 'Chicken. Jamie Style' and these words are expected to have multiple implications for the audience. He is shown adding leafy vegetables to a large platter containing potatoes and chicken. Another similar dish filled with chicken pieces and potatoes is placed on the right side. In the background, a cupboard is shown and the top is filled with leafy vegetables, potatoes and

IRR v. MIRR Valuation Methods Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

IRR v. MIRR Valuation Methods - Research Paper Example However, the MIRR valuation method still exhibits a number of limitations noticeable with the use of IRR technique, for instance, its inability to value investments that are mutually exclusive. Additionally, the teaching of both IRR and MIRR in learning institutions has been a cause of concern, with claims that the IRR technique has had more attention at the expense of the MIRR valuation method. This paper focuses on analyzing IRR and MIRR with regard to major issues of concern, emerging issues, factors that have been instrumental in the understanding of IRR and MIRR in class situations, and present and future applications of the two valuation methods. Keywords: IRR (Internal Rate of Return), MIRR (Modified Internal Rate of Return), NPV (Net Present Value) Table of Contents Abstract 2 Table of Contents 3 introduction 3 Main issues in IRR 4 Main issues in MIRR 6 New Learning in IRR 6 New Learning in MIRR 7 Class activities that have facilitated learning and understanding of IRR and MI RR 8 Specific current and future applications and 8 relevance in the workplace 8 Conclusion 10 References 11 introduction The pertinent question in the discussion about IRR and MIRR valuation methods lies in the differences that exist between the two investment appraisal methods. The chief difference in IRR and MIRR valuation methods is traceable to the factors that come into play when calculating the value of an investment with either of the methods. More specifically, the IRR valuation methods, which is more traditional form of the two, measures the worth of an investment with emphasis on internal factors, conspicuously overlooking the impact of interest rates and inflationary impact on the value of an investment. On the contrary, MIRR is a valuation technique that seeks to mitigate the impact of limitations brought about by IRR (Eagle, et al., 2008, p. 70). Just as the name implies, MIRR valuation method is a modification of the IRR valuation method. MIRR allows the value of the investment under query to show the impact of both future and present value of currencies at different times in the life of a project. Largely, IRR technique is an optimistic view on the value of an investment, while the MIRR is a more realistic view on the present and future value of an investment and is deemed more accurate than IRR valuation method (Kierulff, 2008, p. 328). This paper explores the variations between the IRR and MIRR valuation method at length, while taking into account the main issues surrounding the valuation techniques and the future and present applications of the methods. Main issues in IRR The major issue surrounding the IRR valuation method is the method’s inconsideration of environmental factors that have an impact on the value of an investment. The IRR approach compares the net present value of cash inflows and outflows. The point at which the negative cash flows and positive cash flows become equal is the IRR value. Another way to look at the valua tion equation is the point at which the difference between cash inflows and cash outflows equate to zero. In establishing what project to undertake in a scenario where the different projects are under comparison, the project with the highest internal rate of return gets preference over the rest of the projects. Even under this consideration, the IRR value has to exceed the cost of capital rate for the project to be economically viable (Kelleher & MacCormack, 2004, p. 1). Despite its contribution to

Asian American Stereotypes Essay Example for Free

Asian American Stereotypes Essay Pertaining to Tracy Lais article titled, Asian American Women, Lai discusses how stereotypes dehumanize people while turning them into objects to be manipulated. Lai touches on the topic of how Asian people and cultures are stereotyped as being inferior and exotic. The problem that Lai brings to our attention is that it is a struggle to be an Asian in America due to the fact that Asians have been denied political, economic and social equality in America. Lai also brings to our attention the die hard myth that Asians have made it in America, which is far from the truth. I sense that Lais argument is extremely effective due to the fact that stereotypes are not only seen among Asians, they are also seen in many other cultures and genders. For instance, women for years were battling for womans equality to be able to vote, and today women are still battling for equality in political and economic areas. In addition, African Americans are still trying to be accepted into certain political roles throughout our society. Since Tracy Lai is a Asian in America I feel that her argument holds great validity due to the fact that Lai shared her own personal experiences. By reading Lais personal feelings, it allowed me to understand her beliefs to a greater extent because I was able to see where she was coming from. Certainly I agree with Lais views because I have noticed that Asians are depicted as being inferior. For example, if you have ever seen a movie or a television show that had an Asian character, nine times out of ten the Asian character is depicted as being mathematicians, naive, and speaks with broken English. I have also noticed that there are very few Asian politicians, as well as very few women politicians, within our culture. I do not know if this problem stems from Asian Americans not having a historical/authoritative figure like Dr. Martin Luther King representing African Americans, and Susan B. Anthony representing womans rights to vote. However, I do know that Asians do not receive the same types of opportunities as others because they have been stereotyped for so long as being inferior. In addition, I feel that the reason why Asians may be seen as inferior individuals is because they were one of the last cultures to start a movement for equality that was inspired by other ethnic cultures. Because of this somewhat late movement, our culture has not been able to adapt to this change, like our culture has not adapted to women being paid the same as men. Lai brought to my attention that Asians are claimed to value education more than other minorities and Asians are said to have special intellectual affinities for math and science. Lai proceeded to raise the point that this is a racist rationale because this is implying that other cultures are not able to succeed in this type of area. For instance, I can relate to this statement because African Americans are said to be dominate in athletics, and they are also believed to have a higher vertical leap than others. I was offended when I heard this because I received a scholarship to Sacramento State for high jumping, and I am not African American. This example just goes to show you that stereotypes do dehumanize people and turns them into something they are not. In retrospect, Asians and other cultures are being denied political, economic, and social equality which is not equitable to these people. I feel that by reading Lais article has made me realize that stereotyping has no boundaries, because it is occurring in many different cultures and it is effecting many different people.

Looking At Discipline Investigation Report

Looking At Discipline Investigation Report As anyone encounter a new profession, they dont necessary know the rules, the writing involves, or the traditions yet. In this assignment and the course of this paper, I will investigate the discourse community I hope to join professionally and understand how it works. The purpose of this assignment is to help understand the importance of genre in term of different discourse community. Furthermore, it will reinforce the understanding of ways writing differs among from one genre to another. The discourse community I have chosen is System Engineering (ISE). The field of ISE is rather large and thus I will be focusing on mainly the supply chain aspect of the field. To conduct this analysis, I will be looking over two source of text related to the field of System Engineering and analyze its rhetorical issues, content, structure, and its style language. In addition, I had a chance to interview a person whom is in the field and briefly will discuss on the type of writing the person does a s well. INTERVIEW SUMMARY The person I interviewed is employed at a company who produces semiconductor and supplies to all type of industries worldwide. The person has been employed for the company for about five to six years. He started out as an intern, but today is working full time. He has a variety of job functions within the company, so there is no solid name for the position he is in. However, after interviewing him, I was able to get a view of what he does. After sitting down and discussing some of the writing he does in his work, I got a bit of a reality shock. In many ways, I always assumed that the field he was in involved lots of writing, but this was far from it. Of course he writes, but very little of it. My assumption was he would write lots of documents involving research topics related to his career, since after all, thats what I was I gathered from all the research paper I have to write in my study. Actually, most of his writing was in the form of emails, work orders, presentation slides, and short memos, but its nothing huge like I expected. He pointed out that the skill he use the most is actually verbal. He also explains that in this career, although you write, its just not as often as compared to communication. Since he deals with the supply chain aspect of the company, this is where his where most of his time is spent on. Hes constantly on the phone talking to clients, handling from one order to the next. Additionally, he has to communicate to his superior, co workers, and especially clients. Once I found this out, I actually thought twice about my career for a moment. I wouldnt mind communicating on the phone with clients, but days after days wouldnt be my ideal job. However, knowing this, I have a clue into the type of writing I would have to do in the future, which is limited. Moving on, I then asked him if he ever gone out of his discourse community and what his experience was. He answered that he has gone over to different area of the company, but mainly to socialize. He explains that its different from his community. They speak, act, and even write differently. To connect his experience, he told a story he once experienced working with people from other communities. He once spent a whole six months writing a proposal to give to one of his client on how to improve their supply chain. Once finished and handed over to the client, the client looks at it, but brushes off to the side. Because the proposal was written completely in a different style, the client just couldnt comprehend the materials, nor did he even bother to look deep into it. Right off the bat, he felt it would take too much time for him to analyze the entire proposal. He also noted that he has couple of friends in the business area of the company and they do write a lot more than he does. In term of writing, he explains that its obviously different between what he writes and what they write. They also write proposals and but theirs is long detailed documents while he writes short and brief documents. DOCUMENT SUMMARY In the first article Turning the Supply chain into a Revenue Chain, the author Gerard P. Cachon concentrates a specific area in supply chain, revenue sharing. Revenue sharing is when a retailer shares the profit it makes to supplier. This is different from the traditional method of paying off the item completely. This article has a typical problem and solution approach. The author Cachon explores the company Blockbuster and its video rental problem. Its current supply chain method provides insufficient videos to customers. The solution to Cachon, is to ditch the traditional pricing method and use revenue sharing to solve this problem. Since this article is slim, the author provides a short description of the two methods and then shows the pros and cons in a table to compare them. But whats the purpose of describing the two methods? By comparing the two, it gives the readers or audience an opportunity to look into the advantage and disadvantages between the two and let them decide whi ch is more efficient for their business. This audience can be business owners, instructors, engineers, or even student who is interested in doing research upon the topic. The second article Supply Meet Demand in an Uncertain World. The author explains about companies confrontation with a large amount of number and variety of products on the market, they find it more difficult to determine demands and forecast production. Consequently, they end up having inaccurate forecasts and as a result cost becomes a problem. Therefore he also details a new approach to the remedy the entire forecasting, planning, and production process. To be able to accurately forecast demands, they must figure out their suppliers (retailer, wholesalers, and manufactures) needs. By figuring this out, companies then have critical decision to handle the most unpredictable items; for instance, such as seasonal demands. In other words, the main article discuses the importance of forecasting and how its vital for companies to understand and avoid making forecasting mistakes. The bottom line, forecasting accurately provide production efficiency and save cost, and in return provides mor e profits. CONCLUSIONS By doing the interview and analyzing the two documents, I finally have a broader understanding how to approach different type of writing. Every discourse community has a different style of writing. Whether is written formally or informally, the target audience varies and therefore affects the way the author writes. In the engineering field, the most likely audience for the technical reports is other engineers with a similar background. For example, my professional field of ISE, because the person has to write lots technical reports and as a result, the paper would probably have many technical terms engineers would understand. In the article Turning the Supply Chain into a Revenue Chain, I discovered several key terms that was widely used in these type of writing. This includes: efficient, costly, inventory, revenue, retailer and supplier. In the second article, much same happens with similarity to the first. The format and way the grammar style used in technical reports can also be different. Although, the format is organized like most writing; it has an intro, body and conclusion, with the difference of several additions. It includes a discussion on the findings, and visuals such as graphs, tables, figures, pictures, and illustration. Technical reports have an organized and structured format because a majority of the time, their audience may not read the entire report in one reading. Often times, they may just look for relevant data. So therefore, the way its written, readers are able to open a document, and locate what he/she is looking for easily. What Ive ultimate taken away from analyzing the two documents is the variety and amount of writing involve in my community. In my opinion, the type and amount of writing done varies from different level. A chief engineer in the ISE field would likely have less writing to do whereas an entry position engineer would have lots more. I can safely assume that once I start out my career, there would be more writing involves. I probably have to write things similar to the person I interviewed. This might be in the form of memos, presentations, and work orders.